In his last Sunday sermon, delivered at the National Cathedral in Washington, D.C., on 31 March 1968, King said that he was convinced that [Vietnam] is one of the most unjust wars that has ever been fought in the history of the world (King, Remaining Awake, 219). But certainly one of the greatest orators of our time. That's what I feel. But Martin understood very clearly that what we ought to be doing at home is being - we are being distracted, rather, by our engagement around the world. Martin built his speech that night, Neal, around three major points: around increasing militarism, around escalating poverty and around the issue of racism. He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love. The True Martin Luther King, Jr. New York: Free Press. Opposes Vietnam War, New York Times, 11 November 1965. Martin Luther King Jr. announced his strong opposition to the war in Vietnam, the media attacked him for straying outside of his civil rights mandate. Mr. SMILEY: We - let me just tell you this. So King understood violence. I just wanted to say that I was an 18-year-old Marine in Vietnam when the speech was given, and I didn't hear it until three or four years ago. 0000017817 00000 n We have cooperated in the crushing of the nations only non-Communist revolutionary political force the unified Buddhist church. End all bombing in North and South Vietnam. After 1954 they watched us conspire with Diem to prevent elections which would have surely brought Ho Chi Minh to power over a united Vietnam, and they realized they had been betrayed again. Benjamin Hedin on Martin Luther King, Jr.'s, anti-Vietnam War speech at Riverside Church in New York, which risked King's relationship with Lyndon Johnson. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Beyond Vietnam" was a powerful and angry speech that raged against the war. 0000047501 00000 n We're talking with Tavis Smiley. Others, including James Bevel, King's partner and strategist in the Civil Rights Movement, called it King's most important speech. The message directly challenged the president who'd taken great political risks to support civil rights legislation and also challenged many of his colleagues in the movement who've called it a tactical mistake. We must rapidly begin the shift from a thing-oriented society to a person-oriented society. Soon we would be paying almost the full costs of this tragic attempt at recolonization. It was sending their sons and their brothers and their husbands to fight and to die in extraordinarily high proportions relative to the rest of the population. It was they who led a second struggle against French domination at tremendous costs, and then were persuaded to give up the land they controlled between the thirteenth and seventeenth parallel as a temporary measure at Geneva. As the head of state, I cannot necessarily embrace the same principles that, as you point out, Martin Luther King, a prophet, an outsider could embrace. This quote is from a sermon by Dr. King on April 30, 1967 at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia, drawing from his infamous April 4 sermon at Riverside Church. His wife, Coretta Scott King, took a more active role in opposing the war, speaking at a rally at the Washington Monument on 27 November 1965 with Benjamin Spock, the renowned pediatrician and anti-war activist, and joined in other demonstrations. Vietnam War | The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute Vietnam War Event May 11, 1961 to April 30, 1975 Four years after President John F. Kennedy sent the first American troops into Vietnam, Martin Luther King, Jr., issued his first public statement on the war. They must weep as the bulldozers roar through their areas preparing to destroy the precious trees. Realistically accept the fact that the National Liberation Front has substantial support in South Vietnam and must thereby play a role in any meaningful negotiations and in any future Vietnam government. 0000002784 00000 n With righteous indignation, it will look across the seas and see individual capitalists of the West investing huge sums of money in Asia, Africa and South America, only to take the profits out with no concern for the social betterment of the countries, and say: "This is not just. It is with such activity in mind that the words of the late John F. Kennedy come back to haunt us. It includes a portion of his speech. Nevertheless, I am in a different position as the president of the United States. They asked if our own nation wasnt using massive doses of violence to solve its problems, to bring about the changes it wanted. Screenshots are considered by the King Estate a violation of this notice. We have destroyed their two most cherished institutions: the family and the village. CONAN: Well, take us back to 1967. They will be concerned about Guatemala and Peru. They move sadly and apathetically as we herd them off the land of their fathers into concentration camps where minimal social needs are rarely met. (AFP via Getty Images) "Why are you speaking about the war, Dr. King? I speak for those whose land is being laid waste, whose homes are being destroyed, whose. 20072023 Blackpast.org. Perhaps the more tragic recognition of reality took place when it became clear to me that the war was doing far more than devastating the hopes of the poor at home. They know they must move or be destroyed by our bombs. King delivered a speech entitled Beyond Vietnam, pointing out that the war effort was taking the black young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them eight thousand miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem (King, Beyond Vietnam, 143). "I've Been to the Mountaintop" is the popular name of the last speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. King spoke on April 3, 1968, at the Mason Temple (Church of God in Christ Headquarters) in Memphis, Tennessee. The New York Times editorial suggested that conflating the civil rights movement with the Anti-war movement was an oversimplification that did justice to neither, stating that "linking these hard, complex problems will lead not to solutions but to deeper confusion." The question is, is it a war of necessity or a war of choice at this point? 5. Copyright 2010 NPR. 0000010534 00000 n On April 4, 1967, exactly one year before his assassination, Dr. Martin Luther King gave his first major public address on the war in Vietnam at a meeting of Clergy and Laity Concerned at Riverside Church in New York City. Had the president stopped by giving Martin King his just respect - as he did, to his credit - it would have been okay. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. So we have been repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools. 0000040748 00000 n Rev. Why are you joining the voices of dissent? Dr. King is trying to get the point across that our country is being unfair to others. 4. 0000003503 00000 n So I was increasingly compelled to see the war as an enemy of the poor and to attack it as such. I am speaking of that force which all of the great religions have seen as the supreme unifying principle of life. "[9], King opposed the Vietnam War because it took money and resources that could have been spent on social welfare at home. 0000012541 00000 n But most Americans, I think, do not know this speech, "Beyond Vietnam.". These too are our brothers. The Americans are forcing even their friends into becoming their enemies. Now there is little left to build onsave bitterness. *];\n~~/iQ|h Q CONAN: And one thing that I was unaware of was the timing of the speech in that he had wanted to say something along these lines. And so he does in New York City. In December 1966, testifying before a congressional subcommittee on budget priorities, King argued for a rebalancing of fiscal priorities away from Americas obsession with Vietnam and toward greater support for anti-poverty programs at home (Semple, Dr. We must not call everyone a Communist or an appeaser who advocates the seating of Red China in the United Nations and who recognizes that hate and hysteria are not the final answers to the problem of these turbulent days. I come to this platform tonight to make a passionate plea to my beloved nation. When we ask why they do not leap to negotiate, these things must be remembered. In Martin Luther King Jr.'s Vietnam speech, lines 413-416, he repeats the phrase "this is not just" (161). [27], In 2010, PBS commentator Tavis Smiley said that the speech was the most controversial speech of King's career, and the one he "labored over the most". We encouraged them with our huge financial and military supplies to continue the war even after they had lost the will. The Riverside Church donated largely with Rockefeller money. However, you argue strongly in the film that it was completely consistent with the nature and the character of Dr. King and something he needed to say. 0000002694 00000 n As we counsel young men concerning military service we must clarify for them our nations role in Vietnam and challenge them with the alternative of conscientious objection. Speeches, writings, movements, and protests, Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War, Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam. The peasants may well wonder if we plan to build our new Vietnam on such grounds as these? CONAN: Walt, thank you. As I have walked among the desperate, rejected and angry young men I have told them that Molotov cocktails and rifles would not solve their problems. All rights reserved. There were a lot of people inside. This need to maintain social stability for our investments accounts for the counter-revolutionary action of American forces in Guatemala. So far we may have killed a million of them mostly children. "[24] King condemned America's "alliance with the landed gentry of Latin America", and said that the U.S. should support "the shirtless and barefoot people" in the Third World rather than suppressing their attempts at revolution. 3. But Carson makes a powerful point in the special that you just identified, about whether or not Martin King himself would be welcome in some of these mega-churches, at certain political gatherings. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. When I speak of love I am not speaking of some sentimental and weak response. But when he turns the corner and then says, essentially, that Martin's philosophy wouldn't work in today's world, he goes on to say that Dr. King didn't know al-Qaida, as if to suggest that Martin didn't understand evil, that Martin didn't understand violence, that he himself had not been subjected to it. He gave a famous speech about the fact that he - when stabbed in New York at a book signing, the blade was just a scintilla away from his aorta. But the entire speech, of course, thankfully, was recorded on audio. Ken Rudin joins guest host Rebecca Roberts. The people who sat in darkness have seen a great light. We in the West must support these revolutions. America, the richest and most powerful nation in the world, can well lead the way in this revolution of values. We are adding cynicism to the process of death, for they must know after a short period there that none of the things we claim to be fighting for are really involved. 0000046786 00000 n He criticized the Vietnam War and praised Muhammad Ali for being a conscientious objector. These are revolutionary times. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. These are the times for real choices and not false ones. Neither is it an attempt to make North Vietnam or the National Liberation Front paragons of virtue, nor to overlook the role they can play in a successful resolution of the problem. Shall we say the odds are too great? Now they languish under our bombs and consider us not their fellow Vietnamese the real enemy. For the peasants this new government meant real land reform, one of the most important needs in their lives. Appreciate it. What do they think of our condoning the violence which led to their own taking up of arms? A few years ago there was a shining moment in that struggle. JwNt YHiA:{p . It was, to your earlier point, the most controversial speech he ever gave. [1][5], King was long opposed to American involvement in the Vietnam War, but at first avoided the topic in public speeches in order to avoid the interference with civil rights goals that criticism of President Johnson's policies might have created. They were led by Ho Chi Minh. Please c, ontact Intellectual Properties Management (IPM), the exclusive licensor of the Estate of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. at. There were experiments, hopes, new beginnings. 0000002004 00000 n So all that we have is less than 10 minutes of video of the speech. But for those who presently choose but one, I would hope they will finally come to see the moral roots common to both. I feel that Martin Luther King and Muhammad Ali are two of the, you know, greatest Americans we've ever had. Attachment 4: Are We Ready to Listen to Dr. King? If we love one another God dwelleth in us, and his love is perfected in us. Though he avoided condemning the war outright, at the August 1965 annual Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) convention King called for a halt to bombing in North Vietnam, urged that the United Nations be empowered to mediate the conflict, and told the crowd that what is required is a small first step that may establish a new spirit of mutual confidence a step capable of breaking the cycle of mistrust, violence and war (King, 12 August 1965). (1947) Moranda Smith Addresses The Congress Of Industrial Organizations Annual Convention, Boston, (1974) Congresswoman Barbara Jordans Statement: The Richard Nixon Impeachment Hearings, African American History: Research Guides & Websites, Global African History: Research Guides & Websites, African American Scientists and Technicians of the Manhattan Project, Envoys, Diplomatic Ministers, & Ambassadors, http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/45a/058.html, Foundation, Organization, and Corporate Supporters. complaining of what he described as a double standard that applauded his nonviolence at home, but deplored it when applied "toward little brown Vietnamese children. Martin Luther King, Jr., gave a speech that may have helped put a target on . 0000001427 00000 n %PDF-1.3 % Such thoughts take us beyond Vietnam, but not beyond our calling as sons of the living God. 0000002337 00000 n It was the speech he labored over the most. I come to this magnificent house of worship tonight because my conscience leaves me no other choice. In 1967, in the shadows of Columbia, Dr. King shifted the world again. Four years after President John F. Kennedy sent the first American troops into Vietnam, Martin Luther King, Jr., issued his first public statement on the war. Fearful of being labeled a Communist, which would diminish the impact of his civil rights work, King tempered his criticism of U.S. policy in Vietnam through late 1965 and 1966. I speak for those whose land is being laid waste, whose homes are being destroyed, whose culture is being subverted. 0000007161 00000 n NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. What do the peasants think as we ally ourselves with the landlords and as we refuse to put any action into our many words concerning land reform? Mr. SMILEY: It's a powerful point made by Clayborne Carson at Stanford who is in charge, as you know, Neal, of the King papers. What must they be thinking when they know that we are aware of their control of major sections of Vietnam and yet we appear ready to allow national elections in which this highly organized political parallel government will have no part? Surely we must see that our own computerized plans of destruction simply dwarf their greatest acts. How are you, sir? Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Atlanta, GA on January 15th, 1929. M ost Americans remember Martin Luther King Jr. for his dream of what this country could be, a nation where his children would "not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content. [11], King's opposition cost him significant support among white allies, including President Johnson, Billy Graham,[citation needed] union leaders and powerful publishers. Accuracy and availability may vary. This is TALK OF THE NATION from NPR News in Washington. Over the bleached bones and jumbled residue of numerous civilizations are written the pathetic words: Too late. There is an invisible book of life that faithfully records our vigilance or our neglect. So it is that those of us who are yet determined that America will be are led down the path of protest and dissent, working for the health of our land. Full text of speech. Set a date that we will remove all foreign troops from Vietnam in accordance with the 1954 Geneva agreement. But they didn't stay for the speech in its entirety. Martin Luther King: Beyond Vietnam and Remaining Awake Through a Great Revolution, 90th Cong., 2d sess., Congressional Record 114 (9 April 1968): 93919397. Peace and civil rights dont mix, they say. Life often leaves us standing bare, naked and dejected with a lost opportunity. One day we must come to see that the whole Jericho road must be transformed so that men and women will not be constantly beaten and robbed as they make their journey on lifes highway. All over the globe men are revolting against old systems of exploitation and oppression and out of the wombs of a frail world new systems of justice and equality are being born. But instead there came the United States, determined that Ho should not unify the temporarily divided nation, and the peasants watched again as we supported one of the most vicious modern dictators our chosen man, Premier Diem. We must move past indecision to action. Indeed, their questions suggest that they do not know the world in which they live. CONAN: And the place - choice of place is very interesting too. For from his view we may indeed see the basic weaknesses of our own condition, and if we are mature, we may learn and grow and profit from the wisdom of the brothers who are called the opposition. 0000001616 00000 n That night Dr. King shocked the world and his followers when . Du Bois to Coretta Scott King: The Untold History of the Movement to Ban the Bomb. When you read the speech, if you replace the word Vietnam, every time it pops up, with the word Iraq, Afghanistan or Pakistan, you will be - it will blow your mind at how King, where he alive today at 81, could really stand up and give that same speech and just replace, again, Vietnam with Iraq and Afghanistan. The world now demands a maturity of America that we may not be able to achieve. His speech appears below. Now, it should be incandescently clear that no one who has any concern for the integrity and life of America today can ignore the present war. I've always argue that Dr. King is the greatest American we've ever produced. I would like to see the fervor of the civil-rights movement imbued into the peace movement to instill it with greater strength. King Leads Chicago Peace Rally, New York Times, 26 March 1967. Of course, he's assassinated in Memphis a year to the day later after giving this speech. Q%F70%iR! For those who ask the question, Arent you a civil rights leader? and thereby mean to exclude me from the movement for peace, I have this further answer. Martin Luther King's Speech Against the Vietnam War by David Bromwich May 16, 2008 O ne of the greatest speeches by Martin Luther King, Jr., "A Time to Break Silence," was delivered at Riverside Church, New York City, on April 4, 1967. $25.00. We must with positive action seek to remove those conditions of poverty, insecurity and injustice which are the fertile soil in which the seed of communism grows and develops. dH(*b(jGB@'k1zTR~{dA9|\b. King spoke strongly against the U.S.'s role in the war, arguing that the U.S. was in Vietnam "to occupy it as an American colony" and calling the U.S. government "the greatest purveyor of violence in the world today. The shirtless and barefoot people of the land are rising up as never before. We must speak for them and raise the questions they cannot raise. [26], The same year, King nominated Buddhist monk Thich Nhat Hanh for the Nobel Peace Prize, but the prize was not awarded to anyone that year. Thank you. King had read Marx while at Morehouse, but while he rejected "traditional capitalism", he also rejected communism because of its "materialistic interpretation of history" that denied religion, its "ethical relativism", and its "political totalitarianism. But they chose Riverside because King was going to be speaking some days later at a huge rally and march in New York City, and they knew that that rally was going to bring out a different kind of element, a more controversial element. We must stop now. Martin Luther King Jr. held his acceptance speech in the auditorium of the University of Oslo on 10 December 1964. "[10], King also criticized American opposition to North Vietnam's land reforms. Could it be that they do not know that the good news was meant for all men for Communist and capitalist, for their children and ours, for black and for white, for revolutionary and conservative? It is curious that the Americans, who calculate so carefully on the possibilities of military victory, do not realize that in the process they are incurring deep psychological and political defeat. Mr. SMILEY: Well, I think the question is whether or not - I hear your point, Neal, and I take it. All the while the people read our leaflets and received regular promises of peace and democracy and land reform. Surely we must understand their feelings even if we do not condone their actions. 0000002605 00000 n Let us hope that this spirit will become the order of the day. Due to the Vietnam War is that plenty of individuals, both Americans and Vietnamese were killed. War is not the answer. They question our political goals and they deny the reality of a peace settlement from which they will be excluded. 0000006515 00000 n 0000013408 00000 n One of his great advisers and great admirers, Stanley Levison, who was always with Dr. King in his corner, was against Martin giving this speech. Communism will never be defeated by the use of atomic bombs or nuclear weapons. Smiley continues, "it was the most controversial speech he ever gave. King delivered the speech, sponsored by the group Clergy and Laymen Concerned About Vietnam, after committing to participate in New York's April 15, 1967 anti-Vietnam war march from Central Park to the United Nations, sponsored by the Spring Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam. I speak as a child of God and brother to the suffering poor of Vietnam. For nine years following 1945 we denied the people of Vietnam the right of independence. We must not engage in a negative anti-communism, but rather in a positive thrust for democracy, realizing that our greatest defense against communism is to take offensive action in behalf of justice. How do they judge us when our officials know that their membership is less than twenty-five percent Communist and yet insist on giving them the blanket name? The major speech at Riverside Church in New York City, followed several interviews[2] and several other public speeches in which King came out against the Vietnam War and the policies that created it. 0000043425 00000 n To speak for them is to explain this lack of confidence in Western words, and especially their distrust of American intentions now. King Leads Chicago). While his legacy is commonly remembered by his famous "I Have A Dream" speech, we've sourced four powerful, lesser-known speeches from Dr. King to listen to and commemorate . It demands that we admit that we have been wrong from the beginning of our adventure in Vietnam, that we have been detrimental to the life of the Vietnamese people. This Hindu-Moslem-Christian-Jewish-Buddhist belief about ultimate reality is beautifully summed up in the first epistle of Saint John: Let us love one another; for love is God and everyone that loveth is born of God and knoweth God. At the U.N. King also brought up issues of civil rights and the draft. And they are surely right to wonder what kind of new government we plan to help form without them the only party in real touch with the peasants. Even before the French were defeated at Dien Bien Phu, they began to despair of the reckless action, but we did not. We must be prepared to match actions with words by seeking out every creative means of protest possible. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. led the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott, organized the 1963 March on Washington, advocated for civil disobedience and. We have corrupted their women and children and killed their men. Check your local listings. With righteous indignation, it will look across the seas and see individual capitalists of the West investing huge sums of money in Asia, Africa and South America, only to take the profits out with no concern for the social betterment of the countries, and say: This is not just. It will look at our alliance with the landed gentry of Latin America and say: This is not just. The Western arrogance of feeling that it has everything to teach others and nothing to learn from them is not just. It was a wonderful, I think, place to give the speech in the sense that it's pretty cavernous. Some civil rights leaders urged King not to speak out on the Vietnam War, but he said he could not separate issues of economic injustice, racism, war, and militarism. There is at the outset a very obvious and almost facile connection between the war in Vietnam and the struggle I, and others, have been waging in America. PBS talk show host Tavis Smiley's new documentary, MLK: A Call to Conscience explores King's speech. Love is somehow the key that unlocks the door which leads to ultimate reality. The image of America will never again be the image of revolution, freedom and democracy, but the image of violence and militarism.. They brought in extra chairs. Hb```f``; 6Pco;{Q. 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